topic Re: Circle rotation in space. Can't calculate x coordinate. in Libraries & objects

Circle rotation in space. Can't calculate x coordinate.

Anonymous — Tue, 03 Nov 2009 11:47:07 GMT

I'm trying to make a circle that has a center in origo. Se the illustration below.
I first put the circle on the horizontal layer (XY-layer and z=0). Center is origo (x=y=z=0) That works fine.
I tilt the circle with an angle to the horizontal layer. I call this angleXY.
The circle cuts through the horizontal layer in the X-axis. The circle is tilted counter-clockwise. This also works fine.
But the problem occures when I try to rotate the tilted circle counterclockwise around the z-axis. The angle is vinkeXZ. I can't figure out how to calculate the x-coordinates. I 've tryed many formulas, but the coordinates eighter give me an ellipsis or a line.

Here is the code (vinkel norwegian for angle):

fromDegrees = 10
toDegrees = 360
stepDegrees = 10
centerX = 0
centerY = 0
centerZ = 0
radiusP = 0.5
vinkelXZ = 45 ! Angle from the X-axis counterclockwise around the Z-axis (centerX and centerY=0)
vinkelXY = 45 ! Angle between the horizontal-layer and the circle.
! Counterclockwise around the X-axis (centerY=0)
angle = 0
GOSUB "GenerateCircularCoordinates"

END

"GenerateCircularCoordinates":
! This routine calculates xyz-coordinates to a circle that tilts against the horizontal-layer
! and rotates around the Z-axis
!
! Calculate the trigonometric factores to angles that do not change in the loop.
sinVinkelXY = SIN(vinkelXY)
cosVinkelXY = COS(vinkelXY)
sinVinkelXZ = SIN(vinkelXZ)
cosVinkelXZ = COS(vinkelXZ)

FOR vinkel = fromDegrees TO toDegrees STEP stepDegrees
deltaX = radiusP * COS (vinkel)
deltaY = radiusP * SIN (vinkel)
deltaZ = radiusP * SIN (vinkel)

x = centerX - deltaX
y = centerY - deltaY
z = centerZ
! ---------------------------------------------------
! Tilt against the horizontal-layer (XY-layer)
! Rotation around the X-axis
!
z = -y * sinVinkelXY + centerZ
y = y * cosVinkelXY + centerY
! ---------------------------------------------------
! Rotation around the Z-axis
!
y = y + x*sinVinkelXZ
x = x*cosVinkelXZ
!
! PUT x, y, z, angle
IF vinkel <> 0 THEN
ADD x, y, z
TEXT 0.005, 0, vinkel
DEL 1
LIN_ x - 0.01, y - 0.01, z - 0.01, x + 0.01, y + 0.01, z + 0.01
ENDIF

NEXT vinkel
RETURN

Re: Circle rotation in space. Can't calculate x coordinate.

Anonymous — Tue, 03 Nov 2009 12:33:45 GMT

Hi Anne,

Perhaps I'm missing something...

Do you know you can use the Circle command in 3d?...

Its in the GDL Reference Manual Page 61.

HTH.

Re: Circle rotation in space. Can't calculate x coordinate.

Anonymous — Tue, 03 Nov 2009 13:20:44 GMT

Yes, I forgot to tell why I want to make this routine.
I will use the TUBE and SWEEP commands in GDL.
Instead of splitting the object I want to make into different parts, rotating axis a.s.o., I want to generate the x,y,z coordinates for the path, put it into the internal array, and fetch them when I use the TUBE and SWEEP commands. So that's the background. So it's actually the coordinates I need to generate, not the circle.

Re: Circle rotation in space. Can't calculate x coordinate.

Anonymous — Tue, 03 Nov 2009 18:33:11 GMT

Ok Anne... Let me see if I get it right...

You want to Generate xyz coordinates of a circle/arc and this circle/arc has to be rotated in the xyz axis with no distortion, right?

At first it makes me wonder why not generate the coords in the xy plan an rotate it using transformations (RotX, RotY, RotZ)?

Re: Circle rotation in space. Can't calculate x coordinate.

Anonymous — Tue, 03 Nov 2009 21:17:47 GMT

I want the axis to be in the same position all the time. I want to find the coordinates with the axis as a reference. It means I cannot rotate the axis.
I just need a formula for calculating the X-coordinate. I think it's actually a matehematic problem.

Re: Circle rotation in space. Can't calculate x coordinate.

Aussie John — Tue, 03 Nov 2009 21:51:13 GMT

Anne wrote:
I want the axis to be in the same position all the time. I want to find the coordinates with the axis as a reference. It means I cannot rotate the axis.
I just need a formula for calculating the X-coordinate. I think it's actually a matehematic problem.

Cant you just DEL the ROT transformation to return the axis to a default position.

Re: Circle rotation in space. Can't calculate x coordinate.

Anonymous — Wed, 04 Nov 2009 09:29:46 GMT

As John well said, if you use DEL after the ROT the axis will return to its place...

But I can see by your code that you perfectly know how to use ROT AND DEL...

Sorry Anne, but I really can't understand why you can't use a simple transformation.

Perhaps if you could describe us whats the final purpose of the object we could help more effectively.

HTH.

Re: Circle rotation in space. Can't calculate x coordinate.

Anonymous — Wed, 04 Nov 2009 10:38:12 GMT

The original purpose was to make a scarf that is hanging over a horizontal pole. I will use the TUBE or SWEEP commands in GDL to optain this. Do you know those commands?
(I want an alternative to splitting the object I want to make into different parts, rotating axis, adding distances in different directions a.s.o.)
The path I need consists of parts of a circe, orientated in different ways in the space, and with different radiuses and centerpoints, all attached to eachother.
So, that is why I want to make a routine like this.
I want to generate the x,y,z coordinates for the path, put it into the internal array, and fetch them when I use the TUBE and SWEEP commands. In that way it will be much more easy to make those difficult objects, I think. And I can simply reuse this routine over and over again.
This is the background.

Re: Circle rotation in space. Can't calculate x coordinate.

Anonymous — Wed, 04 Nov 2009 11:14:04 GMT

Ok... Now I get it. Its a tuff geometry...

Do you know Andrew Watson's "GDL Handbook"?

In page 251 it has a wonderful 3d cubic spline that would do the job with more smooth and realistic effect.

Sorry I can't help you more.

Re: Circle rotation in space. Can't calculate x coordinate.

Anonymous — Wed, 04 Nov 2009 14:49:49 GMT

No, unfourtunately I do not have that book. But, I bought the GDL Cookbook 3. some time ago. I've looked through it, but could not find anything like this, as far as I could see.
I tested out my husbands brain yesterday. But his solution creates another interesting shape . A friend of me told me today that her husband was really good in mathematics, so I have to test him 😉

Re: Circle rotation in space. Can't calculate x coordinate.

Anonymous — Wed, 04 Nov 2009 16:19:55 GMT

Anne wrote:
I tested out my husbands brain yesterday... (...) A friend of me told me today that her husband was really good in mathematics, so I have to test him 😉

Poor Norwegian husbands...

Re: Circle rotation in space. Can't calculate x coordinate.

Ralph Wessel — Wed, 04 Nov 2009 18:02:24 GMT

Anne wrote:
But the problem occures when I try to rotate the tilted circle counterclockwise around the z-axis. The angle is vinkeXZ. I can't figure out how to calculate the x-coordinates. I 've tryed many formulas, but the coordinates eighter give me an ellipsis or a line.

Try the script below. I've typed this from memory, so it might have errors. Hopefully the comments make the meaning clear.

!-----------------------------------------------------------
!Set up rotation angles
! xRotationAngle is rotation angle about X axis
! zRotationAngle is rotation angle about Z axis
!-----------------------------------------------------------
cosX = cos(-xRotationAngle)
sinX = sin(-xRotationAngle)
cosZ = cos(-zRotationAngle)
sinZ = sin(-zRotationAngle)

!Rotate a point about 'X' axis
xIn = 20
yIn = 5
zIn = 0
gosub "doXRotate"

!Rotate about 'Z' axis
gosub "doZRotate"

!The rotated point is contained in (xIn, yIn, zIn)

end

!-----------------------------------------------------------
! Rotate a point about the x axis

! In/Out:
! yIn: The Y coordinate of the point to rotate
! zIn: The Z coordinate of the point to rotate
!-----------------------------------------------------------
"doXRotate":
yOut = zIn * sinX + yIn * cosX
zIn = zIn * cosX - yIn * sinX
yIn = yOut
return


!-----------------------------------------------------------
! Rotate a point about the z axis

! In/Out:
! xIn: The X coordinate of the point to rotate
! yIn: The Y coordinate of the point to rotate
!-----------------------------------------------------------
"doZRotate":
xOut = xIn * cosZ + yIn * sinZ
yIn = -xIn * sinZ + yIn * cosZ
xIn = xOut
return

Re: Circle rotation in space. Can't calculate x coordinate.

Anonymous — Thu, 05 Nov 2009 10:05:32 GMT

This worked fine! You deserve a big hug