When you render a file it is converted from vector information to a bitmap file.
To achieve what you are after (a sketch representation of your CAD vector file) in ArchiCAD you will need to export your view from the 3D window and save as 2dline type file and re-import this into a view and manually edit the file from here to represent the rendered image. You will need to create some line types that represent the sketch linetypes, extend lines to cross, and manually hatch for shadows. You can then save this as a pdf which will be vector and therefore scale independent.
You can also achieve this effect in adobe illustrator or other vector drawing programs, probably best left to a graphic designer who uses these programs every day.
Regards,
Scott